Your pupil is that dark circle in the middle of your eye. It’s not just a black dot; it’s a tiny, live camera aperture, like the one on your phone.
Normally, it shrinks in bright light and expands in the dark. But that natural shrinking is a problem for your doctor—it hides what’s going on inside.
When your eye doctor dilates your eyes, they use special drops that force the pupil wide open. Think of it as throwing the curtains wide on a sunny day after living in a dim room.